Klasifikasi Penyakit Periodontal (AAP 1999)

 

• Jaringan Periodontal

  1. Gingiva
  2. Cementum
  3. Periodontal ligament
  4. Alveolar process
  5. Gingiva
  6. Cementum
  7. Periodontal ligament
  8. Alveolar

  

• ANATOMI GINGIVA NORMAL

  • Gingival margin
  • Gingival sulcus
  • Dasar sulcus= Epithelial attachment
  • Free/marginal gingiva
  • Marginal Groove

  

  

• Gingiva Sehat

  1. Warna: coral pink
  2. Ukuran: tipis seperti kerah baju tidak ada pembesaran
  3. Konsistensi: keras lekat kenyal
  4. Tekstur: stippling (gambaran seperti kulit jeruk)
  5. kontur:

CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES AND CONDITION AFFECTING THE PERIODONTIUM

• GINGIVAL DISEASE

  • Dental plaque induces gingival disease

    • Gingivitis associated with dental plaque only

      A. Without local contributing factors

      B. With local contributing factors

    • Gingival disease modified by systemic factor

      • Associated with endocrine system

        • Puberty-associated gingivitis

        • Menstrual cycle–associated gingivitis

        • Pregnancy associated

          Gingivitis

          Pyogenic granuloma

        • Diabetes mellitus–associated gingivitis

      • Associated with blood dyscrasias

        1. Leukemia-associated gingivitis

    • Gingival diseases modified by medications

      • Drug-influenced gingival diseases

        • Drug-inflfluenced gingival enlargements

        • Drug-inflfluenced gingivitis

          Oral contraceptive–associated gingivitis

    • Gingival diseases modifified by malnutrition

      Ascorbic acid defificiency gingivitis

  • Non plaque induces gingival lesion

    • Gingival disease of specific

      • bacterial origin

        • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
        • Treponema pallidum
        • Streptococcus species

      • viral origin

        Herpesvirus infections

        1. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

        2. Recurrent oral herpes

        3. Varicella zoster

      • fungal origin

        A. Candida species infections: generalized gingival candidiasis

        B. Linear gingival erythema

        C. Histoplasmosis

    • Gingival lesion of genetic origin

      Hereditary gingival fibromatosis

    • Gingival manifestation of systemic condition

      • Mucocutaneous lesions

        1. Lichen planus

        2. Pemphigoid

        3. Pemphigus vulgaris

        4. Erythema multiforme

        5. Lupus erythematosus

        6. Drug induced

      • Allergic reactions

        • Dental restorative materials

          a. Mercury

          b. Nickel

          c. Acrylic

        • Reactions attributable to the following:

          a. Toothpastes or dentifrices

          b. Mouth rinses or mouthwashes

          c. Chewing gum additives

          d. Foods and additives

    • Traumatic lession

      A. Chemical injury

      B. Physical injury

      C. Thermal injury

    • Foreign body reaction

• PERIODONTITIS

  • CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS
  • AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS
  • PERIODONTITIS AS A MANIFESTATION OF SYSTEMIC DISEASE
    • HEMATOLOGIC DISORDER
    • GENETIC DISORDER

• Gingival Enlargement

  • INFLAMMATORY ENLARGEMENT
    • CHRONIC
    • ACUTE
  • DRUG INDUCED ENLARGEMENT
  • ENLARGEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH SYSTEMIC DISEASES OR CONDITIONS:
    • CONDITIONED ENLARGEMENT
      • PREGNANCY,
      • PUBERTY,
      • VIT C DEFICIENCY,
      • PLASMA CELL GINGIVITIS , NONSPECIFIC
      • CONDITIONED ENLARGEMENT (PYOGENIC GRANULOMA)
    • SYSTEMIC DISEASES CAUSING GINGIVAL ENLARGEMENT
      • LEUKEMIA,
      • GRANULOMATUS DISEASES
  • NEOPLASTIC ENLARGEMENT
    • ( BENIGN TUMOR,
    • MALIGNANT TUMOR)
  • FALSE ENLARGEMENT

• NECROTIZING PERIODONTAL DISEASE

  • NUG Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
  • NUP Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis
  • NUS
  • NOMA

• ABSES DARI JARINGAN PERIODONSIUM

  • ABSES GINGIVA
  • ABSES PERIODONTAL
  • ABSES PERICORONAL

• PERIODONTITIS ASSOCIATED WITH ENDODONTIK LESSION

  • ENDODONTIC – PERIODONTAL LESION
  • PERIODONTAL - ENDODONTIC LESION
  • COMBINED LESION

• DEVELOPMENTAL OR ACQUIRED DEFORMITIES AND CONDITION

  • Localized Tooth-Related Factors That Modify or Predispose to Plaque-Induced Gingival Diseases or Periodontitis

    1. Tooth anatomic factors

    2. Dental restorations or appliances

    3. Root fractures

    4. Cervical root resorption and cemental tears

  • Mucogingival Deformities and Conditions Around Teeth

    • 1. Gingival or soft tissue recession

      a. Facial or lingual surfaces

      b. Interproximal (papillary)

    • 2. Lack of keratinized gingiva
    • 3. Decreased vestibular depth
    • 4. Aberrant frenum or muscle position
    • 5. Gingival excess

      a. Pseudopocket

      b. Inconsistent gingival margin

      c. Excessive gingival display

      d. Gingival enlargement (see Box 5.2)

      e. Abnormal color

  • Mucogingival Deformities and Conditions on Edentulous Edges

    1. Vertical and/or horizontal ridge defificiency

    2. Lack of gingiva or keratinized tissue

    3. Gingival or soft tissue enlargements

    4. Aberrant frenum or muscle position

    5. Decreased vestibular depth

    6. Abnormal color

  • Occlusal Trauma

    1. Primary occlusal trauma

    2. Secondary occlusal trauma

• ISTILAH DALAM PERIODONSIA

  • SULKUS GINGIVA

    RUANG DANGKAL ANTARA GINGIVA DAN GIGI

  • POKET

    SULKUS YANG MENJADI DALAM KARENA KELAINAN PATOLOGIS

    

  • PROBING DEPTH

    PENGUKURAN KEDALAMAN PROBING

    

    ki: normal

  • LOSS OF ATTACHMENT (LOA) :

    KEHILANGAN PERLEKATAN JUCTIONAL EPITHELIUM